CRI Biosecurity Threats Factsheets

pdf African Greening Published Popular

African Citrus Triozid (ACT) (Trioza erytreae) is the most efficient vector of the Laf bacteria causing African Greening.

Date revised: June 2024

pdf Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP) Published Popular

Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP) (pdf, 2.11 MB)

ACP adults is the most efficient vector of the most destructive citrus disease in the world, Huanglongbing (HLB), associated with the bacterium ...

Date revised: January 2024

pdf Asian Greening (Huanglongbing HLB) Published Popular

Asian Greening (Huanglongbing HLB) (pdf, 3.32 MB)

HLB, associated with the bacterium ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (CLas), is the most destructive citrus disease worldwide.

Date revised: January 2024

pdf Citrus Canker Published Popular

Citrus Canker (pdf, 3.97 MB)

Citrus canker is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas citri.

Date revised: January 2024

pdf Citrus Leprosis (CL) Published Popular

Citrus Leprosis (CL) (pdf, 3.41 MB)

CL is associated with at least 7 distinct viruses, belonging either to the cytoplasmic type (CL-C) or the nuclear type (CL-N).

Date revised: January 2024

pdf Citrus Sudden Death (CSD) Published Popular

Citrus Sudden Death (CSD) (pdf, 7.99 MB)

The causal agent of this disease has not been confirmed, but is associated with citrus sudden death-associated virus (CSDaV).

Date revised: January 2024

pdf Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC) Published Popular

Citrus Variegated Chlorosis (CVC) (pdf, 3.24 MB)

CVC is caused by the subspecies Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca, where Xylella fastidiosa is considered one of the most dangerous plant-pathogenic bacteria.

Date revised: January 2024

pdf Mal Secco Published Popular

Mal Secco (pdf, 2.46 MB)

Mal secco is caused by the fungus Plenodomus tracheiphilus.

Date revised: January 2024

pdf Peach Fruit Fly Published Popular

Peach Fruit Fly (pdf, 2.93 MB)

Bactrocera zonata is one of the most harmful species of Tephritidae.

Date revised: January 2024

pdf Post Bloom Fruit Drop (PFD) Published Popular

Post Bloom Fruit Drop (PFD) (pdf, 3.01 MB)

Colletotrichum abscissum is the causal agent of PFD.

Date revised: January 2024

pdf Pseudocercospora Leaf & Fruit Spot Published Popular

Pseudocercospora Leaf & Fruit Spot (pdf, 4.30 MB)

This leaf and fruit spot disease is caused by Pseudocercospora angolensis.

Date revised: January 2024

pdf Yellow Vein Clearing Disease Published Popular

Yellow Vein Clearing Disease (pdf, 3.40 MB)

Yellow vein clearing disease is caused by citrus yellow vein clearing virus.

Date revised: January 2024

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